Positive Health Online

Abstract

ZABLOCKA and JANUSZ, Instytut Immunologii i Terapii Doswiadczalnej PAN im. L. Hirszfelda we Wroclawiu, Poland  zablocka@iitd.pan.wroc.pl reviewed [97 References] reactive oxygen species,

Background

Oxidative stress has been implicated in playing a crucial role in ageing and in the pathogeneses of a number of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.

Methodology

Results

Oxidative stress occurs due to an imbalance in prooxidant and antioxidant levels. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive and may modify and inactivate proteins, lipids, DNA, and RNA and induce cellular dysfunctions. To prevent free radical-induced cellular damage, the organism has developed a defence mechanism, the antioxidative system. This system includes antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), and glutathione reductase (GSSGR) and low-molecular antioxidants such as glutathion and plasma proteins.

Conclusion

Glutathion plays a key role in maintaining the physiological balance between prooxidants and antioxidants. Plasma proteins can inhibit ROS generation and lipid peroxidation by chelating free transition metals. The major exogenous antioxidants are vitamins E, C, and A.

References

Zablocka A and Janusz M.   [The two faces of reactive oxygen species]. [Review] [97 refs] [Polish]
Postepy Higieny i Medycyny do Swiadczalnej (Online). 62:118-24, 2008.