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Research: OZERSKAIA and COLLEAGUES,
Listed in Issue 309
Abstract
OZERSKAIA and COLLEAGUES, (1)I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation conducted research to analyze literature data on the effect of ω-3 PUFAs on the central nervous system, immune system, and vision in children
Background
ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are incorporated in cell membranes and play an important role in the development and functioning of organs. Consolidation of data on the role of ω-3 PUFAs in child development may increase the professional's awareness, help to plan clinical studies, and develop recommendations for supplementation. The aim of the research was to analyze literature data on the effect of ω-3 PUFAs on the central nervous system, immune system, and vision in children.
Methodology
Material and methods. 86 literature sources have been analyzed, a keyword search was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, eLibrary and Google Scholar databases. Results. ω-3 PUFAs (alpha-linolenic, docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids) are not synthesized in the human organism, and should be obtained from food. The need for ω-3 PUFAs is especially high during periods of rapid growth (the first years of life and adolescence).
Results
ω-3 PUFAs play an important role in the anatomical and functional development of the brain, affecting the maturation and functioning of neurons, participating in the processes of neurogenesis, migration, synaptogenesis, and neurotransmission. The results of clinical studies on the effect of ω-3 PUFAs on the cognitive functions of healthy children and patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are contradictory, which requires further research. PUFAs are substrates for the synthesis of bioactive compounds and take part in the control of acute and chronic inflammation, and also have a regulatory effect on immune cells. ω-3 PUFAs supplementation decreases the frequency and duration of acute respiratory viral infections in children.
Conclusion
This indicates the potential effectiveness of ω-3 PUFAs in the prevention of acute respiratory viral infections. Clinical studies demonstrated positive effects of ω-3 PUFAs on retinal development in premature infants. Conclusion. Adequate intake of ω-3 PUFAs is essential for the development and functioning of the central nervous system, immune system and vision in children. The body content of ω-3 PUFAs is closely related to the nutrition. In the Russian Federation, consumption of fish and other products containing ω-3 PUFAs is traditionally low. The majority of the Russian population has a deficiency in ω-3 PUFA consumption. With an unbalanced diet, supplementation of ω-3 PUFAs is necessary. Copyright© GEOTAR-Media Publishing Group. Conflict of interest statement: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
References
Ozerskaia IV(1), Khachatryan LG(1), Kolosova NG(1), Polyanskaya AV(1), Kasanave
EV(1). [The role of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in child development]. Vopr Pitan.;93(2):6-18. doi: 10.33029/0042-8833-2024-93-2-6-18. Epub 2024. Feb 1.2024. [Article in Russian]
