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Research: BRIGELIUS-FLOHE and colleagues,
Listed in Issue 84
Abstract
BRIGELIUS-FLOHE and colleagues, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany, flohe@dife.de, review (157 references ) the European perspective on vitamin E .
Background
Vitamin E was first described as an essential factor for female reproduction in rats . In humans, deficiencies in vitamin E lead primarily to neurological dysfunctions via molecular mechanisms that are unclear. Because of its antioxidative properties, it is believe d that vitamin E could help prevent diseases associated with increased oxidative stress such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic inflammation, and neurological disorders . However clinical trials fail to demonstrate a consistent benefit . Given these findings, a group of scientists met to analyze the most recent knowledge of vitamin E function and metabolism.
Methodology
Results
Mechanisms of absorption, distribution, and metabolism of different forms of vitamin E are discussed . Included are the mechanisms of tocopherol side-chain degradation and its putative interaction with drug metabolism, the usefulness of tocopherol metabolites as biomarkers, and novel mechanisms of the anti-atherosclerotic and anticarcinogenic properties of vitamin E. Clinical trials are analyzed on the basis of subject selection, disease stages, and the mode of intake, dosage, and chemical form of vitamin E.
Conclusion
The authors conclude that the functions of vitamin E are underestimated if only its antioxidative properties are considered. Future research should focus on what makes this component essential for humans, why the body apparently has a preference for utilizing alpha-tocopherol, and what functions others forms of vitamin E may have.
References
Brigelius-Flohe R, Kelly F, Salonon JT, Neuzil J, Zingg JM, Azzi A. The European perspective on vitamin E: current knowledge and future research. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 76 (4): 703-716, Oct 2002.
